When I started freelancing as a developer, I emailed my old boss, Joe, and asked for advice. Joe was a general contractor for more than thirty years and I wanted to tap into his business experience. I said something like, “I’m just starting out. What advice would you give someone brand new on how to be successful?”

I don’t know what I expected, maybe something about marketing or sales. Instead, Joe wrote back, “A plan is only as good as its options.”

This mystified me.

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